PPAR-γ activation promotes xenogenic bioroot regeneration by attenuating the xenograft induced-oxidative stress / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Xenogenic organ transplantation has been considered the most promising strategy in providing possible substitutes with the physiological function of the failing organs as well as solving the problem of insufficient donor sources. However, the xenograft, suffered from immune rejection and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), causes massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression and the subsequent cell apoptosis, leading to the xenograft failure. Our previous study found a positive role of PPAR-γ in anti-inflammation through its immunomodulation effects, which inspires us to apply PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone (RSG) to address survival issue of xenograft with the potential to eliminate the excessive ROS. In this study, xenogenic bioroot was constructed by wrapping the dental follicle cells (DFC) with porcine extracellular matrix (pECM). The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced DFC was pretreated with RSG to observe its protection on the damaged biological function. Immunoflourescence staining and transmission electron microscope were used to detect the intracellular ROS level. SD rat orthotopic transplantation model and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) knockout mice subcutaneous transplantation model were applied to explore the regenerative outcome of the xenograft. It showed that RSG pretreatment significantly reduced the adverse effects of H2O2 on DFC with decreased intracellular ROS expression and alleviated mitochondrial damage. In vivo results confirmed RSG administration substantially enhanced the host's antioxidant capacity with reduced osteoclasts formation and increased periodontal ligament-like tissue regeneration efficiency, maximumly maintaining the xenograft function. We considered that RSG preconditioning could preserve the biological properties of the transplanted stem cells under oxidative stress (OS) microenvironment and promote organ regeneration by attenuating the inflammatory reaction and OS injury.

Mechanism of Quercetin in Protecting Articular Cartilage from Osteoarthritis Based on p38 MAPK Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of quercetin （Qu） on articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis and its mechanism by inhibiting p38 mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. Method:Through the network pharmacology technology，we scientifically predicted and analyzed the target factors and signal pathways of Qu in the protection of articular cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. We selected a prediction pathway closely related to osteoarthritis and validated it by cell experiment <italic>in vitro</italic>. The best intervention concentration of the drug was selected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. The osteoarthritis and its closely related inflammatory factors interleukin（IL）-1<italic>β</italic> and tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-<italic>α</italic> were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The expression of related mRNA and protein in p38 signal pathway after Qu intervention were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Western blot. Result:It was predicted that MAPK signal pathway was closely related to osteoarthritis by network pharmacology，and p38 MAPK pathway，which was most closely related to osteoarthritis，was selected for study. The results showed that 100 μmol·L^-1 Qu had the most obvious effect in decreasing the expression of related inflammatory factors，inhibited the expression of p38，phosphorylated（p）-p38，matrix metalloproteinase-13（MMP-13），A disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type-1 motifs-4（ADAMTS-4） in the pathway，and promoted the expression of CollagenⅡ. Conclusion:Qu could decrease the expression of cartilage inflammatory factors in the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis，and the effect can be well developed by intervening and inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway related factor expression level. All the results show that Qu can decrease osteoarthritis inflammatory factors and protect articular cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis.

Effect of meticulous management on prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection in pharmacy intravenous admixture service / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the application effect of meticulous management mode on prevention and control of infection related to pharmacy intravenous admixture service(PIVAS). Methods Qualified detection results of hygiene status of object surface,air culture quality,hand hygiene of medical staff in PIVAS in a hospital from Janu-ary 2014 to December 2016 were investigated,meticulous management measures were taken to intervene and analyze the detection results.Results The qualified rates of hand hygiene in 2014-2016 were 68.18%,81.82%,and 100.00% respectively,hand hygiene qualified rates in different years were statistically different(χ2=2.993,P=0.019). Qualified detection rates of surface of small objects,surface of horizontal laminar flow hoods,surface of biosafety cabinets,and air quality of dressing room Ⅰ and Ⅱ in PIVAS all increased to 100% in 2016.Conclusion Strengthening meticulous management of the internal work of PIVAS can effectively improve staff's standardized operation.

Scientific Evaluation of TCM Clinical Outcomes Rating Scale for Heart Failure Based on Patients Report / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical outcomes rating scale for heart failure (HF) based on patients' report.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF (TCM-HF-PRO) were evaluated based on 340 HF patients' report from multiple centers. The completion of the investigation was recorded. Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability were used for reliability analysis, and factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity of the rating scale. Pearson correlation analysis was then used for criterion validity analysis. Discriminant analysis was used to assess the responsiveness of the scale. All 340 HF patients having complete TCM-HF-PRO data were assigned to the treatment group and the control group by central randomization. The total TCM-HF-PRO scores of the two groups were compared using paired t-test to reflect the longitude responsiveness of the scale before treatment and at week 2 after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The recycling rate of the scale was 100.0%. One of them was not filled completely, which was rejected thereby. So the completion rate was 99.7%. The completion time for TCM-HF-PRO scale ranged 15 to 25 min. (2) The Cronbach's α coefficient of rating scale was 0.903, split-half reliability was 0.844 and 0.849. (3) Confirmatory factor analysis showed that 7 factors and items formed according to maximum load factor basically coincided with the construct of the rating scale, 7 factors accumulated contribution rate was 43.8%. TCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF based on patients' report was relatively better correlated with the Minnesota living with HF questionnaire (r = 0.726, P < 0.01). (4) Discriminant analysis showed that the rating scale correctly classified more than 78.8% of case studies having confirmed initial differential diagnosis by experts. The total scale of the rating scale decreased more in the two group after treatment, with significant difference as compared with before treatment (P < 0.01.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TCM clinical outcomes rating scale for HF based on patients' report had good reliability, validity and responsiveness, hence it could be used to assess clinical efficacy for HF patients.</p>

Identification and analysis of Corydalis boweri, Meconopsis horridula and their close related species of the same genus by using ITS2 DNA barcode / 中国中药杂志

The study is aimed to ensure the quality and safety of medicinal plants by using ITS2 DNA barcode technology to identify Corydalis boweri, Meconopsis horridula and their close related species. The DNA of 13 herb samples including C. boweri and M. horridula from Lhasa of Tibet was extracted, ITS PCR were amplified and sequenced. Both assembled and web downloaded 71 ITS2 sequences were removed of 5. 8S and 28S. Multiple sequence alignment was completed and the intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances were calculated by MEGA 5.0, while the neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were constructed. We also predicted the ITS2 secondary structure of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species. The results showed that ITS2 as DNA barcode was able to identify C. boweri, M. horridula as well as well as their close related species effectively. The established based on ITS2 barcode method provides the regular and safe detection technology for identification of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species, adulterants and counterfeits, in order to ensure their quality control, safe medication, reasonable development and utilization.

Expert survey for Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease based on the Delphi method / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To carry out expert survey for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using Delphi method, we carried out two rounds of nationwide expert surveys for modern TCM characteristics of syndrome elements and syndrome types of CAD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Based on expert consensus, qi deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, qi deficiency blood stasis, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis are common TCM syndromes for different clinical types of CAD. Of them, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, heat accumulation, cold coagulation, yang deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yang were more often seen in patients with unstable angina than in those with stable angina. Qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and deficiency of both qi and yin were less seen. We could see more excess syndrome and less deficiency syndrome (such as qi deficiency, yin deficiency, etc.) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yang deficiency, phlegm turbidity, yin deficiency, Xin-qi deficiency, and qi deficiency blood stasis induced water retention are the most common TCM syndrome types of CAD heart failure (HF). Blood deficiency, yin deficiency, heat accumulation, deficiency of both Xin and Pi, deficiency of both qi and blood, deficiency of both qi and yin, yin deficiency and fire hyperactivity were more often seen in CAD arrhythmias.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TCM syndrome distributions of different clinical types of CAD have common laws and individual characteristics. Results based on the expert consensus supplied evidence and support for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CAD.</p>

Preliminary study on the combination of the analytical hierarchy process and Delphi methods in Chinese medicine clinical research / 中国中西医结合杂志

The combination of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Delphi method can overcome the strong subjectivity and poor authority in the simple use of AHP, get rid of the shackles of established thinking and take fully advantages of the experiences of experts' knowledge. By a set of quantitative calculation method, we can determine the relative importance of each factor or the relative weight of the order value, thus providing the support for clinical decision making. In this article, on the basis of the combination of AHP and Delphi method, the authors explore the Chinese medicine etiology of coronary heart disease.

Contemporary treatment of Western and Chinese medicine for cardiac syndrome X / 中国结合医学杂志

Clinical reports on cardiac syndrome X (CSX) have been increasing in recent years. In general, CSX does not increase the cardiovascular mortality, but it can affect the patient's quality of life (QOL) and increase the incidence rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Although a variety of drugs and therapies have been utilized in the clinical treatment, the management of CSX still represents a major challenge due to its unclear pathogenesis. It is necessary to explore more effective treatment programs. Many attempts have been made on trials of the Chinese medicine (CM) treatment for CSX and proved that CM has a certain advantage in efficacy to improve clinical symptoms and QOL. CM may provide a new approach for the effective treatment of CSX.

Recursive calculation and parameter analysis on input impedance of arterial tree based on electric network model / 医用生物力学

Objective In order to provide a reference for analysis of the pathophysiological changes of human arterial tree, the effects of the arterial parameters on input impedance of arterial tree were studied by proposing a recursive algorithm to calculate the input impedance. Method A distributed electric network model was constructed for the arterial tree which consisted of 55 segments accounting for all the central vessels and major peripheral arteries. By setting up the peripheral resistance of the model and constructing a unilateral data link list of the arterial tree, the recursive algorithm was employed to compute the input impedance of ascending aorta in the arterial tree. Then, comparisons of the effects of arterial compliance, peripheral resistance, length, internal radius and wall thickness on the input impedance were made based on the recursive algorithm. Results The computational results were in accord with experimental data and results of other models, and proved the validity of the model and algorithm. The input impedances of the arterial tree showed significant influence with different characteristics for different parameters. Conclusions The input impedance of arterial tree can reflect the changes of the hemodynamic parameters effectively, which is an important reference for the pathophysiological diagnosis of human arterial tree.

Current status of study on impacts of Chinese herbal drugs and their preparations on pharmacokinetics / 中国中西医结合杂志

Since Chinese herbal drugs and their preparations were usually applied in combining with digoxin in modern clinical practice, high attention was accordingly widely paid to their impacts on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin. The researches in the recent years dealing with this topic were reviewed in the paper, involving the Chinese herbs, including Radix Ginseng, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Venenum Bufonis, Folium Seu Cortex Nerii Indici, St John's wort, Fructus Crataegi, and Semen Ginkgo, as well as the Chinese herbal preparations including Shengmai Injection, Milkvetch Injection, Liushen Pill, Kyushin, and Di'ao Xinxuekang, etc.